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Understanding Salivary Gland Cancer: Signs, Stages & Care
Salivary gland cancer is a quite rare but complex type of cancer that affects the gland responsible for producing saliva. Though these cancers account for only a small percentage of all head and neck cancers, understanding the signs, stages, and options for care that are considered crucial for those at risk, their families, and anyone looking to learn more about this type of cancer.
What is Salivary Gland Cancer?
Salivary gland cancer develops when any abnormal cells in one of these glands begin to grow uncontrollably and develop a tumor. The majority of tumors in the salivary glands are benign (non-cancerous); a small percentage of cancers are malignant (cancerous). When cancerous, the tumors can invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body.
Symptoms of Salivary Gland Cancer
These types of cancers may not always show any specific types of symptoms in the early stages. However, as the tumor grows, a variety of symptoms starts to develop.
These may include:
- Lump or swelling: These are painless lump or swelling that appears near the jaw, mouth or neck, and is considered as the common symptom. If these types of lumps are continuous growth, then it could be a sign of cancer.
- Pain: These are signs of cancer and pain often appears near the area where cancer is developed, especially if the cancer has spread to nearby tissues.
- Numbness or weakness: Patients experience numbness or weakness in the face or mouth can occur if the tumor is pressing on nerves.
- Difficulty swallowing: These signs can develop, as the tumor grows as it might interfere with the normal development of the jaw or throat of patients.
- Dry mouth or Trouble sleeping: These can result from the damage caused to the salivary glands.
- Taste change: Some patients might experience a sudden change of taste unexpectedly, as it can be a sign of cancer.
These types of signs and symptoms can also be caused by any other, less serious health conditions, which is why it's highly important to visit a doctor and to get a proper diagnosis if these symptoms continue to appear or worsen.
Diagnosis and Tests
When a healthcare provider suspects these types of cancer in a person, then they might perform several diagnostic methods to confirm your cancer diagnosis.
- Physical examination: The doctor will check for lumps and swelling in the mouth, throat, neck and jaw.
- Imaging tests: These scans including X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and ultrasound can help assess the size and location of the tumor.
- Biopsy: During these procedures, a sample of the tumor is examined under the microscope to determine if it is cancerous or not, and identify the type of cancer.
- Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is used to remove a small sample of the tissue from the lump for further examination.
Treatment options
The treatment options for these types of cancer mainly depend on the type, stage and location of the cancer, as well as the patient's individual health conditions.
Here are some of the treatment options may include:
- Surgery: The most common treatment for salivary gland cancer is the surgical removal of the tumor, often along with some surrounding tissues to ensure complete removal. In some cases, there are some nearby lymph nodes that may also be removed if the cancer has spread.
- Radiation therapy: In some cases, If the tumors cannot be fully removed through surgery, or there’s a high risk of recurrence, radiation therapy might be recommended. These treatments often involve using high-energy rays to target cancer cells in the body.
- Chemotherapy: These treatments are not commonly used to treat these cancers but they are often recommended for more aggressive cancers or cancers that have spread to other parts of the body.
- Targeted therapy and immunotherapy: These new types of treatments might be used in some cases, especially if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
- Palliative care: For advanced stages of cancer, palliative care often focuses on improving the quality of life, managing the pain and discomfort, and addressing other symptoms.
Prognosis and survival rates
The prognosis of these cancers might vary depending on factors such as the type and stage of cancer, the patient’s age and overall individual health, and the effectiveness of the treatment. Early-stage cancers are generally known to have better prognoses and better treatment outcomes. With five-year survival rates for localized cancer, they can be higher. The prognosis is more guarded for cancers that have spread to other parts of the body.
Risk factors
The exact cause of salivary gland remains quite unclear, several factors can increase the risk of developing this condition.
These may include:
- Age: Salivary gland cancer can occur at any age in people above the age of 60.
- Gender: Some types of salivary gland cancer are more common in men than women, while other cancers are more common in women than men.
- Radiation exposure: Previous radiation therapy to the head and neck area can help to increase the risk of developing salivary gland cancer.
- Family history of cancer: A family history of cancer or inherited genetic syndromes might increase the risk in people.
Living with salivary gland cancer
Many studies claim that survivors of these cancers might face challenges related to speech, swallowing, or dry mouth due to the impact of treatment on the salivary glands. Rehabilitation and speech therapy might help with these health conditions. Support groups, counseling, and ongoing medical care are crucial for those adjusting to life after treatment.
Consult Today
Salivary gland cancer is a rare and serious health condition that requires an early diagnosis and complete cancer treatment. The awareness of these cancers' symptoms and signs, risk factors, and treatment options helps individuals. It can also identify the potential side effects and seek timely medical attention in suspected patients.
At Oncare, we offer premium-quality cancer treatments, including advanced cancer surgeries at an affordable price range with an experienced cancer specialist consultation.
If you or any loved ones of yours are diagnosed with cancer, then visit Oncare Cancer Center and book an appointment with our experienced cancer specialist today. Get an estimated cost of your cancer treatments today!
Frequently Asked Questions
Here are some of the treatment options used for this cancer, including:
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- Targeted therapy
- Radiosensitizers
Many people recover from salivary gland tumor treatment if the cancer is diagnosed and treated early.
The diagnosis will be depend on factors like:
- The tumor’s size
- Cancer’s spread
- Cancer recurrence
- The salivary gland contains the cancer cells
- How abnormal the cells appear when when viewed under the microscope
- Patient’s individual health conditions
You can reduce the risk of salivary gland cancer by avoiding certain risk factors, like smoking and drinking alcohol consumption.
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