Renal Cell Carcinoma Treatment Timeline: From Diagnosis to Recovery

oncare team
Updated on Oct 10, 2025 18:17 IST

By Raveena M Prakash

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, which accounts for approximately 85-90% of all kidney cancer. Being diagnosed with cancer is always daunting, while early detection and surgical techniques and targeted therapies can significantly improve the treatment outcomes.

In this blog, we’ll discover more about the steps of RCC, and what kidney cancer patients can expect at each stage of their treatment journey!

From initial cancer diagnosis

The diagnosis to treatment journey often begins with an incidental finding, which is a mass detected during an imaging for an unrelated issue, which is as early as Renal Cell Carcinoma, which has no major symptoms.

Here are key steps used for the initial cancer diagnosis, including:

  • Imaging tests (Ultrasound): This is a test that sends high-frequency sound waves through tissues to create images displayed on a monitor. An ultrasound shows if the tumor consists of fluids (likely cysts) or solid material, which is more common in cancerous tumors.
  • Computed tomography scans: This is a test that creates a series of images that show a clear image inside of the body. Patients will receive a scan before and after receiving the contrast dye injected into a vein. The dye often travels through to the tumor and shows it in detail. 
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): This is also a diagnostic imaging test that uses a large magnet along with radio waves and a computer to create a detailed image of the body. MRI scans are used when CT scans are unable to show the results of an ultrasound and CT scans are not clear.

Treatment planning and multidisciplinary oncologist consultation

When RCC is diagnosed in a person, later the oncologists will stage the cancer growth. The patient will be recommended to a multidisciplinary care team. The medical care team includes a urologist, a radiologist, and possibly a nephrologist who will assist in developing a more personalized treatment plan.

Here are some of the treatment options used for this cancer, including:

  • Tumor size and location
  • Whether the cancer has spread to other organs
  • Patient’s overall health conditions
  • Genetic factors
  • Rare subtypes (sarcomatoid carcinoma characteristics)

In most cases, patients were offered genetic counseling or enrolled in clinical trials, especially in advanced rare cases.

Primary treatment

For localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment, starting from (Stages I–III), the surgery is the main and primary treatment.

Here are some other treatments used, including:

  • Partial Nephrectomy: In this process, a surgeon might remove only the tumor or part of the kidneys. This process is also known as a nephron-sparing approach or kidney- sparing surgery.
  • Radical Nephrectomy: In this surgical procedure, a surgeon will remove the entire kidney, often accompanied with the nearby tissues, adrenal glands or lymph nodes to treat these cancers.

For advanced cancer treatment

An advanced or metastatic RCC (Stage IV) requires more complexity, and combinations of targeted therapies and immunotherapies are the standard care for many patients, that can be begun before or instead of any surgical procedure, depending on the patient's metastatic disease condition.

Here are some of the treatment options:

  • Targeted therapy (Tyrosine kinase inhibitors): The timing for targeted therapy, mainly including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, can vary in some cases. Some targeted therapies are continued just before and after the surgery. In some cases, these treatments are stopped to reduce the risk of surgical complications like poor wound healing.
  • Immunotherapy (Checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab or Pembrolizumab): These treatments are often given after waiting for at least four weeks after the surgery to start immunotherapy in advanced RCC cancer cases.

Systemic therapy may begin immediately or a few weeks post surgery.

Post- treatment monitoring and follow-up

After completing the initial treatment plan, many oncologists suggest monitoring and follow-up care to understand if the treatment responds or the cancer recurs early and to monitor the kidney function of the cancer patients. 

Here’s a follow-up plan used for the RCC patients, including:

  • Imaging test (CT scan or MRIs)
  • Regular blood tests 
  • Urinalysis
  • Physical examinations

Many healthcare providers suggest that patients who had a partial nephrectomy or lost a kidney might require lifestyle adjustments to preserve kidney function.

Timeline: The follow-up continues for approximately more than 5+ years, with frequency decreasing over time if no recurrence is detected in patients.

Recovery and quality of life

Cancer recovery is a mix of both physical and emotional. The early-stage or advanced RCC cancer patients often need a lot of time to adjust to life after cancer. Because after the cancer treatments, especially if they undergo surgery or long-term treatment is involved in their treatment plan.

Here are some of the post-treatment care include:

  • Nutrition and a balanced diet to improve kidney health
  • Physical therapy or gentle exercise programs to improve the patient's mood 
  • Therapy and counseling for mental health 
  • Joining cancer survival support groups to enhance the mental-emotional healing
  • Managing the long-term side effects of systemic therapy

Most RCC cancer patients can resume normal activities within a few months. While people will commonly experience fatigue and emotional distress, recovery is a long process and highly individual, which involves many factors such as a cancer’s stage, type of treatment, and a person’s overall health. Additionally, achieving mental and emotional balance varies for each patient.

Cancer recurrence management

In some cases, these cancers might reappear locally or metastasize to other distant organs. If cancer recurrence happens in RCC patients, oncologists might use some treatment approaches to manage these cancer recurrences.

These treatment options may include:

  • Additional surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Second-line systemic treatments
  • Clinical trials for new therapies

The advancements in cancer research, especially in immunotherapy and targeted therapy, have transformed the management of cancer recurrence in metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) patients. With the advancements of these treatments, patients often get long-term survival and improved quality of life.

Consult Today

From the diagnosis to recovery, renal cell carcinoma can be physically and emotionally draining and challenging for many patients. The journey starts from the initial diagnosis along with the patient's resilience, strength and often, an unexpected transformation. But with the support of early detection, personalised treatments, and consistent follow-up, many patients tend to not only survive these renal cell carcinoma, but they also transform from its treatment journey.

At Oncare, we offer premium-quality cancer treatments, including advanced cancer surgeries at affordable price ranges with an experienced cancer specialist consultation.

If you or any loved ones of yours are diagnosed with cancer, then visit Oncare Cancer Center and book an appointment with our experienced cancer specialist today. Get an estimated cost of your cancer treatments today!

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